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M. GARBELL TYPEWRITINGVMAGHINE 8 sheets-sheet V y Filed Feb. 24 1920 June 5, 1923. 1,457,970 M. GARBELL TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Feb. 24, 1920` a sheets-sheet S Patented .lune 5, 11923.

JETED STTES ATEN MAX GARBELL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO GARBLL TYPEWRITER CORPO- RATION, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

TYPERITING MACHINE. n

Application filed February 24, 1920. Serial No. 360,598.

T all whom t may concern Be it known that I, MAX GARBELL, a citizenV of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Typewriting Machines, of which the following is a yspecilication.

The invention relates to a mechanical writing machine or typewriter and is particularly applicable, although not necessarily limited to use on typewriting machines of a character exemplifying compactness of mechanism and being hence readily portable, as shown for example in patent of the United States No. 1,305,893 granted to me on June 3, 1919, on a front strike or visible typewriter. n f

It is the primary object of the invention to provide improvements in the construction of a writing machine of the described'character whereby the support or carriage for the type platen and the various inst-rumentalities carried thereby including connections from the key board for actuating the escapement mechanism, may be quickly and conveniently released from their actuating devices on the machine or main frame for permitting the removal of the carriage either for the purpose of substituting a similarly 30 constructed carriage of different width,or for convenience in cleaning` the machine or preparing it for transportation, and the like.

Other objects of the invention will be set forth in the following description of the preferred embodimentsthereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, the novel features being defined in the subjoined claims.

In the said drawings, Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a writing machine embodying the invention, the key board and adjacent parts being broken away. Fig. 2 is a vertical section looking toward the platen carriage mechanism as indicated by the arrows o-n section line 2-*2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the platen carriage and adjacent mechanism with frame and other parts in section or omitted, while Fig. /1 is a similar view showing the platen carriage release. mechanism operated so as to permit the removal of the carriage from the main frame. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section through the lower part of the machine looking downwardly and Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical section parallel with the key bars, both CAD illustrate details of the connections betweeny the keyboard actuating devices and the detachable platen carriage and its supporting means, and Figs. 10, 11 and 12 are details in perspective of said connections. Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing a modified: construction of the platen carriage release mechanism and Fig. 1d is a view ofthe saine mechanism as shown in Fig. 13, the samebeing shown operated to the releasing position.; Fig. 15 is a detail on section line 15-15 of Fig. 13. Figs. 16 and 17 are "details in section on the carriage releasing and locking shift rod and Fig. 18 is a section through the ysame on line 18-13 of Figure 13, whilev Figs. 19 to 21 inclusive are p, detail perspective viewso-f parts-of the same structure.

[VVhile in the drawings. the invention is shown in its preferred formy as' applied to a front strike or visible typewriter itvmay obviously be used with other types of writing machines.

rIhe type bars 10 are mounted toreciprocate ina bridge or arch 11 of segmental form following the construction of type bar action showny in my prior patent referred to, and 'carry types with printing faces 10n adapted to strike a common printing point on cylindrical'platen 12 through a guide 13 carried by one or both of two inwardly projecting or overhanging plates 14, 15 formed integral with side bars 16, 17 of the main frame. i Ihe segment arch 11 is secured also to the plates 14, 15 by screws 16X and the usual printing ribbon spools 28, 29 are also conveniently carried by said plates so that the printing ribbon may be presented between the platen and the type at the printing point in the conventional manner. rIhe reciprocating type bar action, referred to, permits the platen carriage to be mounted unusually low on the main frame so that the side bars 16, 17 thereof are relatively y narrow or low to clear the same, and these side bars are preferably connected by an integral bach member 18 and the usual front rail surrounding the keyboard not shown. The main `frame may be provided with the usual legs tor supporting saine on a surface, in the form ot the short depending lugs near the tour corners ot the rectangular trame, the two at the rear side et' the trame being shown and designated by the reference characters 19, 20. The cylindrical type platen 12'is rotatably mounted in a carriage tor presenting different or successive lines ot its printing surface to the type printing point, and to enable the platen to have the usual longitudinal movement in relation to the printing point the platen carriage is mounted on a support which has a vertical movement so that when the type Yfaces 10"l are elongated and carry a plurality ot type characters it is possible by the usual vertical shift ot the platen to have any one otl the three characters on each ot the type 'faces presented to the print-ing point on the platen. The type characters are not shown on the type 101L since the same Vlorms no part ot' the present invention.

The mechanism tor supporting and shitting the platen consists oit a compound device comprising a vertically shii'table supporting trame provided with a. track over which the platen carriage is adapted to be moved in a longitudinal direction and from side to side ot the trame in the conventional manner. This mechanism tor supporting the platen has movement in the vertical direction on a pair ot parallel rails vertically arranged and secured to the back bar of the main -trame 18 as indicated by the reference characters 30, 31, TFigs. 2, 3 l, 5 and 6. These vertical rails 30, 31 are 'flanged or widened as shown in the sectional view Fig. 5 at their forward extremities to allord retaining means 'for the anti-friction devices by which the sub-'frame of the platen carriage has its vertical movementon these rails 30, 31. The sub-trame ot the platen carriage is preferably made up of two spaced triangular members 32, 33 each haw ing two pairs oit lateral projections and each contiguous pair ot projections being spaced apart the normal. width ot the body part ot the vertical car'i'age rails 30, 31, and carrying pins supporting the anti-'friction rollers 34, 35. The said spaced branches ot the trame supporting these anti-triction devices are shown only in 6 and 9 as indicated by reference characters 36, 37. ln Fig 5 only the lower pairs ot spaced branches 37 are shown and in order to co-operate most advantageousljv with the rails 30, 31 it will be seen that only one anti-friction roller 35 is provided at the front ot each rail but that the parts 36, 37 are divided with one branch of each extending on opposite sides ofthe rails and each branch provided with one of the anti-friction rollers 34. This construction provides a supporting trame which may be easily shifted in vertical directions and sutlicient rigidity maybe given to such frame by reason of the 'fact that the top legs ot each ot the triangular members 32, 33 are joined by a pair of carriage rails which may be 'iormed of composite parts as indicated by reference characters 3S, 39 having troughs or grooves opening upwardly as shown most clearly in Figs. 6 and 9, such troughs or grooved portions of the rails of the carriage sub-'frame being adapted to serve as ball races for the antiefriction ball bearings indicated by reference characters d0, 41. Clo-operating with the anti-friction devices carried in these grooved rails 38, 39

are the similar inverted rails 42, 4143, the latter being connected to the platen 'frame proper. rlhe latter will be provided with end members de, into which the trunnions at the extremities of the platen will be journalled so that the platen will have its customary rotations in its frame either by hand through the hand operating knobs 50, 51 or through the usual line space mechanism consisting or' a suitably operating pawl indicated by reference character 52 co-operating with ratchet wheel "53 connected to rotate with the platen. rEhe platen 12 may be provided with paper tingers or retaining devices oi'V any desired construction such as indicated by reference characters 56, 57, Figs. 1, 2 and 6. The parts or fingers 56 57 may be adjustably mounted on the connecting rod 60 extending between the end members all, i t the lowest eX- tremity of the sub-trame made up of the triangular members 32, 33 there are provided means as the pins 63 designed to be received in slots 641- ormed in the outer ends ot the platen shift levers 65. @bviously whenever the key bar lever (35 with the key 66 thereto attached is depressed the opposite extremity of the platen shift lever, which is pivoted on the shatt 67 fixed in the main trame 16, will tend to elevate the sub-frame made up oi' the connected triangular pieces 32, 33 and as this trame travels along the vertical rails 30, 31 the platen trame and the pla-ten and paper feed devices carried thereby will be vertically shifted.

@n the platen traine illustrated (l-4 indi-- cates a paper guide havinga lower portion concentric with the cylindrical surface of the platen and being' projected at the rear ot' the platen vertically and rearw rdly to serve net only as a. guide but as a paper table. lt is preferred that the paper guide and table G3 be adjust-ably supported by the transverse member 69 pivotally mounted in the end members Lid, l15 ot the platen trame and controlled by the lever TO extended toward the torward or front edge ot the platen trame to be ot convenient access to the operator.

The paper table and guide 68'may also carry one or more supplementary guide rollers as indicated by reference character 7l 6) and similar supplementary rollers as indicated by reference character Y2 for co-operating with the platen on the upper and torward side thereof are rotatably supported by the paper lingers 56, 57'. The shaflts 60 and 69 are preferably so related that when one of them is actuated, as through the hand lever 70, both will be synchronously rotated but in opposite directions to cause the paper table and guide 68 to be separated trom the periphery of the platen on the lower side while the paper lingers 56, 57 carrying; the rollers. Z2 will also be caused to litt from the platen surface to permit the insertion the sheet to be written upon by the machine. Such operation may be secured by thek use oi a spring arm 73 (Fig. 6) secured to shaft 69 and bearing against the squared shaft 60 carrying` the paper ngers 56, 5T, as indicated at 74, F ig. 6. lt will be noted that the spring arm .73 has a curved end at the point of contact 74 which, when the shafts 60' and 69 are in normal position, engages above the center line or' the shaft 60, thereby tending to hold the lingers 56-57 in proper position. When the shaft 69 is rotated clockwise, the point of contact between the spring arm 73 and the shaft drops down below the center line of the latter and acts to oscillate the shaft 60 in a counterclockwise direction.. The end member l5 of 'the platen iframe may conveniently be provided with an inward extension as indicated by reference character 75, Figs. 1 and 2, to aet as a linger rest or grip for the downward movement of the outer extremity ot the hand lever controlling the paper iingers and table of the paper teed mechanism co-operating with the platen.

Since the details ot construction ol' the platen and its supporting mechanism term no important part of the present invention further details of construction ci these parts are not described in detail except to call attention to the fact that the platen trame will in the usual manner be under the control o a motor springv not shown, by which the platen iframe may be moved longitudinally ot its supporting; trame on the antifriction roller bearings a0, el, such relative movement beingunder the control oi the escapement mechanism. Z6 is a 'toothed bar extending parallel of the platen and between the end members lll, 45 oit' the platen frame, the teeth thereon being` constantly engaged by a toothed gear 77, the latter being actuated by the motor spring. The action oi' the motor driven gear 77 meshing with the toothed bar 'T6 will be under the control oit the usual escapement pinion rotatably connected with the escapement wheel 78, the latter being toothed and being adapted to have one of the teeth thereon in constant engagement with the escapement mechanism consisting of thepivotally mounted yoke 79 carrying the fixed tooth SO and having` secured thereto a reciprocating` member 8l carrying a second pawl adapted also to engage one tooth at a time of the escapement pinion 78. The member 8l carrying;4 the integral movable dog may be mounted to have the desired reciprocating movement on pin Sel on yoke 79 by being provided with a slot indicated at 82, Fig. 3, there being a spring 83 interposed between this member and the yoke i' 9. liy reason of this construction the normal tendency of the spring driven gear 77 will be to shift the platen iframe in relation to its carriage and such shifting will obviously cause the rotation of 'the escapement toothed wheel '78, which latter will be controlled against permitting` any movement 'whatever of the platen frame except as such movement is permitted by reason ot the rocking,` action olf the escapement yoke 9, which will permit the rotation of the escapement gear 78 one tooth .at a time` in a well known manner. The escapement yoke is pivoted at 86,

8'( to oscillate in a suitable depending yoke 88 carried by the platen carriage frame and yremovable with said platen carriage iframe when the latter is. disconnected in the manner hereinafter described 'from the typewriter main iframe. rl`he oscillation of the escapement yoke or rocker 79 in order to vproduce the necessary feed of the escapement mechanism will be secured through the re- 6, the oscillation of this link or bar 89 being the result of its connection with the universal bar 90, the latter being in the form of a bail pivoted at its extremities to sbatte?. y

rlhe rearwardly extending extremity ol the link or bar 89 is especially constructed and controlled to permit of its detachment from the depending` branch of the oscillating,` escapement yoke or rocker 79. This is desirable in connection with my invention where it is desired to remove not only the platen carriage and its support from the main trame of the machine' at will, but also to remove therewith the escapement mechanism carried inmy preferred construction by the platen carriage support. To accomplish this result the downwardly extending;

branch. 79 ofthe escapement yoke is pro-y vided with an angularly turned extremity which may be perforated as indicated at 79a, Fig. 5, and adapted to receive a pin 89aL fixed to the rearwardv extremity of the link or bar 89. Thiswill provide an operable connection between the operating link or bar 89 and the escapement yoke, the bar S9 being kept in engagement with the lower extremity of the yoke by reason of a fork or keeper preferably consisting of a tubular portion i ciprocating;- link or bar 89, Figs. 2, 3, Il, 5 and 91 fixed to a shaft 92 supported at its extremities by or adjacent to the end members 1G and 17 of the main frame. rl`he part 91 will preferably be provided with spaced upwardly extending branches 925, adapted to receive the bar or link 89 therebetween and hold the same so that the pin 89a therein will normally engage the corresponding hole or recess in the depending branch of the escapement yoke. it the same time the construction will provide for the disconnection of the escapement mechanism from its actuating bar 89 upon attempted release of the carriage and its support from the main frame, for the reason that the shaft 92 is preferably mounted to reciprocate and the sleeve 91 and the spaced branches 98, 9a comprising the keeper or yoke for the escapement operating link or bar 89 will be capable of longitudinal movement in relation to the ends 16, 17 of the main frame.

The shaft 92 will preferably have secured thereto the combined platen carriage locking devices and case shift stop members 95, 96, the latter having hub portions as Aindicated in Figs. 2, 3 and Ll, and also carrying the fixed projections 9T and 98 adapter. to engage fixed stops 99 secured 'to the spaced triangular frame members 33 the platen carriage sub-frame or support. Each of the stop members 95, being keyed to the sl aft 92 and the latter being rotatable in the main frame it. will be seen that the vertical height to which the platen carriage may be raised on the vertical rails 80, 81 will be determined by the position of the stop members 95, 96. ln other words, each of the types, as already explained, will be provided in a well known manner with three spaced characters, the characters of one set being p erably the upper case letters, while a second position on each of the types will be git/'en over to the lower case letters, while a third position throughout the series will be given to numerals and such characters as punctuation marks. The normal depressed position of the platen carriage and its support on the vert-ical rails 80, 31 will position. the platen so that the types will print theA lower case letters, while the upper case letters may be brought into the range of the printing point on the type platen when the carriage is raised until the ljed stops 99 are caused to engage the lower stop members 95-90- A further shifting of these ine1nbers,'by depressing the ligure shift key e693 will bring the upper stops 97 thereon within the path of the vertically mo fing stops 99 and obviously carry the stops 98 out of the path of said fixed stops 99 since the stops 97 and 98 on each of these devices will be offset and the result will be that upon the proper positioning of these carriage stops or positioning` devices 95, 9G will depend the degree of elevation to which the type platen and its carriage and support may be elevated by means of the platen shift keys 00 and (50H rlfhe bar or shaft 92 will preferably be journalled in the vertical rails 30, 231 and the carriage stop device 96 will be rigidly secured to the shaft, while the stop device or member 95 will be preferably secured to a sleeve 100 having an enlargement or flange 101, both said sleeve and said flange being squared or splined on shaft 92 and being slidable thereon under the control of a coil spring 102 interposed therebetween and the end frame member 1G. il spring 103 will also be interposed between the platen carriage stop member 90 and the end member 1'? of the main frame and there will be a sleeve 10% carrying a flanged member 105 similar to the flange 101 secured to the shaft 92 and spaced apart from said flange 101, both said flanges being preferaoiy on opposite sides of the vertical rail member 31 aml an actuating device or cam 100 is pivoted to the vertical rail 31, there being an arm on said cam member having attached thereto a link 107 slidable in an opening in the end frame 16 and carrying a button or hand actuating device 108 on its outer extremity so that when an operator pulls outwardly upon the hand device 108 the effect will be to separate the sleeves 100, 101i with the result that the shaft 92 will be shifted toward the right as indicated in Fig. 1, compressing the spring 108 and at the same time the ca i ing action of the part 100 will cause the platen carriage stop 95 to be shifted outwardly compressing the spring 102. This movement will carry the platen support limiting stops out of the path of movement of the projections 99 on the platen carriage sub-frame, thereby allowing the release or removal of the platen carriage and its support from the main frame, while the same movement of the shaft 92 will disconnect the end of the escapement actuating link, or bar 89 carrying its pin 893 from the escapement yoke.

The above description will be sutlicientto indicate the manner in which the platen carriage and its support may be disconnected and removed entirely from the machine main frame, for it will be seen that all it will be necessary for the operator to do to accomplish this result will be the actuation of the mechanism controlled by the hand operated key 108 and the simple withdrawal of that key through the actuation of the cam 106 will put the connections between the key board and the escapement rocker as well as the ordinary carriage stop devices in such position that the operator will be free to liftthe platen carriage with its supporting mechanism together with the escapement rocker and related mechanism entirely free of the machine, rl`his result is attained in connection with another important feature of the invention which has to do with the special const-ruction of Athe back spacer provided by me. 1

rlhis back spacer mechanism requires no disconnecting means but is at all times in such position and condition that it permits the withdrawal or removal from the machine frame of the platen carriage and its supporting device from the machine main frame and the vertical rails 30, 31 without disturbing the position of any ot the parts and leaving and retaining the connections both on the machine main frame and on the platen carriage support in such position that the platen carriage and its support may be replaced without the likelihood orypossibility of the parts becoming out of alinement or adjustment. rllhis special construction may be seen from the disclosure in Figs. 3 to 6 inclusive and from which it will be seen that the usual back Spacer lever key 110 is provided, the same being pivoted. on the shatt 67 and having an operative connection by means of a slot therein indicated by reference character 111 with pin 112 on the back spacer lever 113 pivoted at 114 to the ide frame of the machine. r1`his lever 113 extends. to a point adjacent the back mmber 18 of the main frame where it is pivot ally connected with a vertical link 115 connected by pivot with the apex of a right angular lever 117 the extremity of one leg of which is pivoted at 11G to the vertical carriage rail 31. The other leg of this member extends vertically and is elongated in order to present a considerable portion of length to be engaged by a roller or other anti-trio tion device as indicated at 118 on the extremity of the back spacer pawl link 1197 the latter extending to a position immedi ately in 'front of the motor spring gear 77 where it is pivotally connected at 120 with the back spacer dog 121., the latter being provided with an integral pawl as indicated at 122 adapted to engage the teeth on the rack 7 6 which normally engages the motor gear 77 for driving the platen frame. The dog 121 is slotted and is supported by a pin 123 which is fixed to the rocker support or bracket S8. 1t will be seen that upon the depression ot the back spacer key 110 the pivoted angular member 117 will be oscillated on its pivot reciprocating the back spacer pawl link 119 and this will overcome the normal tension of the spring 124 which is designed to be relatively stronger than the spring 125 shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3. as being` ol the compression type and interposed between the beck spacer pawl link 119 and the dog 121. rlllie eil'ect oit the overcoming of the tension ot spring 124 will result in the compression spring 125 elevating the dog 121 until the Vlixed pawl 122 thereon engages the teeth of rack bar 7 6 whereupon further movement of the back spacer pawl link under the control ot' the operators key will result in shitting the platen carriage a predetermined distance, which is preferred to be one letter space of the carriage. Obviously9 the carriage may be moved by the back spacer in retrograde direction as manr spaces as the back spacer key is consecutively worked. The tact that the angular pivoted member 117 with its vertical extending branch is pivoted 1.o the fixed vertical carriage rail will enable the platen carriage to be moved vertically independent thereof and since the escapement rocker and its supporting means is carried by the platen carriage support as well as ythe back spacer pawl link 119, it will lbe apparent that the construction admirably lendg itself to the ready detachmentot the platen carriage and. the back spacer pawl link from its actuating device consisting of the vertical leg of the angular member 117. The latter will obviously bey positioned whenever the back spacer key is released so that the tree leg or'.

branch thereof will normally stand in ap proximately a vertical position and in order to insure that the ytree end of the back spacer pawl link including the anti-friction roller 118 thereon will be held in proper operative position at all times whether the platen carriage and its support is attached or detached, with respect to the main frame, 1 prefer to provide a sliding support as indicated kat 126, the latter being supported by one'of the lower carriage rails.

Reference has been made tothe reciprocating escapement link 89 actuated from the universal barf90. The latter it will be seen by reference to Figs. 5 and 6 is pivotally connected at its extremities to the shaft 67 and underlies each and every one of the type key levers on the machine key board. It

`does not underlie the key `levers 65 or 662 nor the back spacer key lever 110. The connection between the escapement operatinglink 89 and the universal bar is provided through a bell crank lever 130 pivoted at 131 to the underside oi one of the top supporting members 14 or 15 adjacent the key board on the main frame. Alt its free end it is connected by link 132 which is in turn pivotally attachedto the universal bar 90.

The manner in which the proper shift of the platen carriage and its support is pro-y cured for varying the printing point in order to accomodate the platen to the three printing positions of printing characters on the types through the use ofthe shift key levers 65 and 66a has been referred to, butthe special construction of the connections between the rear ends of these levers and the lower extremities of the platen carriage support will be further described particularly in connection with the disclosure as contained 4in the detail views Figs. 9 to 12 inclusive. ln 10 is shown the detail of the reciting carriage stop devices 95, 9G that adapted to rock synchronously With the shaft 92. These devices carrying the stops or lugs, 97. 98, are actuated by links M07 141 adapted to be reciprocated by connection With the shift -ley evers 66, the eect of' which is to position the stop devices 95, 96 in either of tivo positions as shoivn by the lull and dot-ted lines in Fig. 9. The lower extremities of: the rocking devices 95, 96 are given a special formation as shown in Fig. l0. there being` tongue 95a :formed at the bottom ivith an adjacent slot adapted to receive the headed pin 143 on the link 141, the latter havingv a tongue 142 preferably 'lorined integrally therewith and opposing a similarly formed tongue 95b formed as an extension as shovvn in Fig. l() at the bottoni of the oscillating locking device 95. lWhen the pin 143 is inserted in the slot at the bottoni ot the part 95 the parts may be retained in normal operative position by placing` a coil compression sprinzg` with the extremities ot the saine on each of the parts 142 and 95h, such a springl being; designated by reference character 14A in Figs. 5 and 9. ln liig. 9 tivo positions ci? the platen carriage are illustratecl, one being in 'full lines and the other in dotted lines. ln the loivermost position the platen carriage and its support will occupy relatively the position the parts assume in TEig. 3. l/Vhen it is desired to shift the platen carriage to print in the intermediate position the movement of the shift key lever 66 Will elevate the platen subcarriaeje and the members 95, 96 are normally positioned so that the lugs 98 thereon will engage the projections 99 on the platen subtraine positioning the carriage for lying in the intermediate position and utilizing the intermediate characters on the type faces. Then it is desired to print with the platen carriage an@L its trame at the upward limit of its movement the devices 95. 96 will be oscillated by means ot the shift keys a until the uppeinost lugs or projections 97 will engage the projections 99 on the cartran'ie thus positioning' the platen carriage in its uppermost position and enabling the type characters at the opposite extremity, usually the upper case letters, to meet the printing point on the platen.

The pl shift levers 65 are obviously constructed in duplicate. there being' one located at each side oil the mein traine acl-- jacei.: the the side members 1G. l? thereof and it is only .qe N for the operator to actuute one oit these levers in order to control the position the platen carriage and its supporting` device, both key levers 65 and the lrey G6 thereto obviously Working; in un "l e platen shift lever G5 is mounted to nave ovens l t P the supplementary platen shii is so constructed as to be capable ot shitting' the platen carriage and sul'carriage on its rails only about half the normal possible length ot its shitt. ln other Words, the itunetion oiE the levers 65 Will be `when not opY @rated to permit the carriage to position the platen in its loivost Writing; position. ivhilc the actuation of the lcvcrit by means of the key (it) thereon will have the ctlect ol eleve-.ting` the platen carriage and its subfraine including the platen thereon to theI intermediate WritingY position only since at all times when the lever only7 is actuated the stop devices 95. 9G ivill he positioned so fl e stops .t7 will he interposed in the path e tiied stops 99 on the carriage subtraine thus blocking' further upward movernient ot the platen carriage and its support-- ing` ineens. The supplements v platen shi it levers liti" are likewise pi.. to shui't 6i alone' side the lerers hut they do not eriend to the rear ot the machine beyond such pivotal connection with tte sha-,tt GT. ln order to malte them effective hovvevor, they are nornially held in elevate(` posi-y tion by spring' means. not shown. in a inannersiinilar to the elastic means ycontrolling? the ordinary key ev and these levers GG are in addition each provided with overhe Ene lugs 69 which overlie he tops of the levers Go llroin this ci'instruction it tol depression of either ot' the it eii'iher side oiE the lev board ffl have the effect ot startingv the Idepuession of' the r (i5 or. it said lever has heen the intermevihate posiloivs that the lzev lever.V @Se i already depressed to so that carriaoe and subtraine are par` l elevated. the depression oit the ley love GG will not he effective to shift the levers ,5 and ther platen until such time as the overhanfingi luns or nroioctions 66h on the levers come in contact ivith levers 65. .tn 1. ture oi this ronstruftion which i z 5 ooi-:sible for the drovession o? GG to shi tt the pl "en cari'i and its subir .e throuirl the notaio-lio.. I the slii'tt ler i resides in .e prov'. linls 7.49. l-'l-l -Ivhich are nivo-lod Lto :i part o? the lever G9 eccentric to their *"otal. con

nectiou vvith the li il results that :i do nessi. i', oi" the lil devu y platen carriage subirame.

devices 95, 96. lt will be apparent that the elastic or resilient connection is very desirable since otherwise the lirst `part' ot the downward movement ot the key lever 66 effect the positioning` ot the locking devices 95, 96 and it Will be apparent that Without the elastic connection including` the springs 1l-lt'urtlicr downward movement ot the key lever 66'LL would be impossible and there would consequently be a binding' oit parts and inability on the part ot the operator to operate the platen carriage and subtame to the highest litt or position ot which it is desirable and capable of being' moved.

llhen it is de i cd to remove the carriage from the main rrame and associated mechanism of the machine, it Will be apparent that the actuation ot the button or hand device 108 causes separation ot the flanged collars 100 and 16a` thus separating the stop members 95, 96 in the manner indicated in Fig'. 4i until the cooperating stops thereon and on the carriage Will be out of the path of each other. 0bviously. the same longitudinal movement imparted to the shaft 92 will disengage the linlr 89 and the pin 89l1 therein from the escapement rocker device. Whereupon the carriage with its subtrame may be moved along the vertical rails and entirely disconnected from the machine frame, the back space mechanism including the linlr 119 and the roller 118 thereon disengaging by reason ot the sliding of the roller118 along and off the end or the vertical lepf ot the back space actuating arm 11T which will remain attached to the vertical rail 31. This is an important feature in the construction of a machine of this character since it enables the carriage including the subtraine together with the escapement mechanism and back spacing mechanism to be removec and separately packed from the main trame and key board mechanism in shipping often saving?`r injury to the parts due to rough handling. Perhaps the most important teature of this construction and the invention contained therein resides in the tact that such construction enables the owner, or operator ot such machine to quickly detach the platen. carriageand its support trom the main frame and key board mechanism and to substitute therefor a platen carriage and subtrame of a different Width. This constructiony `for example, enables the oivner oi' the machine to buy same equippedv with a platen and carriage ot standard letter sheet Width and afterwards adapt the machin-e by the purchase of only an additional. platen and carriage to the Writing ot pages oi anyk unusual Width.

ln Fig. 12 is shown the special construction ot the rearward extremity oit the key levers which actuate and support the t Will be seen that the extremities of these levers 65' are upon insertion, alvvays rest flush slotted and the branches 65a are offset out of the plane of the body portion of the lever 65 a less distance than the length of the pin 63 which serves as a connection vvith the platen subirame. There is also an otfset in the branch 65h a greater distance than the length ot the pin 63 and the extremity of this branch is then extended a short distance parallel With the body part of the lever.

This special 'formation in the extremities of the levers 65 enables them to be disconnected from the pin 63 at the loiver extremities of the platen carriage subtrame upon the shift-- ingT ot the release' shaft 92, Which is accomplished for the' reason that the extremities 65h extend to a yposition Where they contact with. the body part of the members 95, 96

ment actuating linlr 89 whereupon the car-l riage and its subtraine will then be free to move upwardly and oill from the main frame of the machines. r)Chis odsetting?r of the'parts 65a or. levers 65 is important in insuring that the pins'63 or the carriage subtrame Will, pon the upper sides ot the llower branches ot lever 65 which branches terminatek in the offset portion 65b and also so that upon restoration of shafts 92 or 150 to normal positions shown in Figs. 2, 3, 9.and 13, proper alinement of slots 641- ivith pins 63 is insured.

lnFigs. 13 and 14 together With the fragmentary detail views 15 to 21 inclusive is illustrated the construction of a carriage release mechanism lsimilar in -principle to the form heretofore described and shown particularly in Figs. 3 to 5 inclusive. prefer in some respects for practical manufacture and simplicity and directness in operationthe modified form in which I' employ the same shifter fork hub 91 with branches 93 and 94 thereon as already shown and described.

I vary the construction of the shaft, which is indicated in Figs. 13 and 14C by reference character 150. rlhis shaft is mounted to reciprocate longitudinally of the main traine in the same position as the shaft 92, heretoforedescribed and it has rigidly secured thereto-the carriage shift stop meinber 96 having the shift stops 97-98 thereon.

An operating' member havingone end* lrnurled indicated at 151 is journalled to slide longitudinally in a thickened` or hub portion 17a at one side of the machine frame, there being a cylindrical reduced portion 151a cooperatingI with the hub portion 17a, the reduced portion of the hand piece being bored to take the end of the shaft 159 which is secured therein by pin In order to position the shaft 15() in relation to the main trame the hub part 1T will be provided with a slot 17b in which will be an elastic locking member in the term ot a wire as .indicated at 153 suitably secured to the frame and adapted to co-operate with one or the other of two peripheral slots 151b and 151C in the adjusting member 151. In this way the shaft 150 will be iirmly held in either` ot its adjusted positions indicated by the positions or the parts in Figs. and 14.- respectively. The longitudinal shifting ot shaft 150 will obviously carry the carriage shiit stop member 96 and the stops thereon and in order to shift the member 95, the latter is mounted on a hub portion 155 which is perforated to reciprocate freely on the squared end ot the shaft 150. This may be accomplished by providing a grooved ring or keeper 156 which may be secured on the estended hub portion of the part by riveting or welding the outer end thereof as indicated in Fig. 16. 1n the. groove or keeper 15G the forked end ot lever 157 engages, and the latter is pivotally connected at 158 with the lever 159 tulcrumed at 1GO to the vertical carriage rail 31. At its other extremity at 161, the lever 159 is pivoted to an arm ot the shifter fork 162, the latter engaging a groove in the collar 163, which is pinned or otherwise secured at 16a to shaft 150. By this construction it will be seen that whenl nver the o aerator bv ulling u aon the knob l P e l or hand device 151 shifts the shaft 150 so that the elastic locking wire or pawl 153 is caused to engage with the groove 151c as illustrated by the position of the parts in Fig. 14. the elliect will be to carry the shitt st aps 97, 9S out of the path of stop members 99 on the platen carriage subtrame thus releasing the platen and its subcarriage and enabling its detachment from the machine frame in substantially the manner hereinbetore described, since it will be seethat the same shift oit the shaft 150 will disconnect the eseapement `feed actuating devices from their connections with the universal bar or key board.

In order to limit the downward movement of the carriage in its lowermost position and to provide a certain amount ot adjustment of same in relation to the main 'trame the end members 16, 17 of the frame are provided with lateral projections 170, 171 (Figs. 3 ande) and these are per toi-ated, threaded and provided with threaded stop devices 172 which are held in their adjusted sounding device or hammer 181 carried on the end oit the irregular lever 182 pivoted at 183 to the bracket supporting the escapement mechanism on the carriage subframe. The vertically projecting` branch 182 oi the bell signal lever will be engaged when the platen is near the end o1 its run by a pawl 190 pivoted at 191 to an adjustable member 192 mounted upon one of the earriage iframe members at the rear, as indicated by reference character 200. The bar 200 of the carriage trame also carries an adjustable member 291 having a margin stop in the form of a pawl 202 pivoted thereto.

1n typewriting machines ot the described character it is desirable to vary the line spacing ttor narrow, medium and wide spaces b\tween the respective lines usually referred to single, double and triple spacing, and although same :torms no part ot the present invention claimed l show in connection with the carriage and platen of the machine an adjustment for the line space mechanism consisting of lever 21() having a locking detent 211 thereon adapted to engage with openings or notches in segment 212.

rthe reference character 24t0 (Figs. 1 and 2) indicates a platen scale adjacent the printing point the same being attached to one ot the rails er frame members of the subtrame carriage.

Although same forms no part of the present invention claimed, there is also shown in Fig, 2 a ribbon supporting or shifting device adapted for a multi-colored ribbon, the same comprising the rotatable rod or shaft 250 having the hand adjusting member` 251 at the lett front side of the carriage, the rod 25() being journalled to rotate in suitable supporting ineans carried by the subrame ot the carriage. there being an offset portion 252 carried by the said rod or shaft the nature et a crank to which is pivotally connected pair ot ribbon supporting members 253, 251i. The upper eX- tremities et the ribbon supporting and guiding members 253, 254 are provided with elongated slots as indicated at 255. 256 thus adapting the. multi-colored flat ribbon to be passed longitudinally through said slotted portions and insuring that the ribbon will be held or guided on each side of the printing point, its vertical adjustment with respect to the printing point on the platen being under the control ot the adjusting lever 251. Since it is common to provide these ribbons in two colors, obviously. only two adjustments o't the lever will be required.y and the guides 255. 256 will be operative in one remity tor one color and in the opposite extremity of their movement for the other color. Reference character Figs. il. and 53 indicates carriage release operating lever` which is rigidly attae'hed to one end of carrage'releasebar 261. Release bar 261l is provided with a plurality of angular slots l262 and it is adjustably held in relation to the platen carriage vframe byA screws 263 passed through said The result of this construction 'as slots. shown most clearly in Fig. 3 is to cause the bar 261 when moved in one direction to be depressed and to be yelevated when rei leased. The lower edge of the bar 261 presents a longitudinal surface approximately parallel with the axis of thefplaten contiguous to the upper extremity of a T fixed pawl 80 engaging the escapement ratchet 7 8. It will be seen that the depression of the bar 6l will be effective to disenfrage the escapement pawl 8O from ratchet 78 leaving the carriage free to be moved in either direction, that is, undertheactionY of thefk propelling spring or in the opposite direc'- tion whenthe tension ofy the springiis overcome. kThe escapement ratchet 7 8 may conveniently be held in position on a journal pin or screw the head ofwhich is indicated by the reference character 270 (Fig.` 3),

the body of the screw beingy threaded into a projection on the escapement supporting bracket 88 carried by the platen subframe;

I prefer to'utilize the screw or stud'270` as a Stop for engagement by the kmarginalvstops or devices of th-e carriage since the same is locatedfconveniently midway bep-v' ytween the lateral sides of the main frame,

and in order to accommodatethe screw 270 to this additional function the head portion thereof is somewhat `elongated in practice being upwards of one eighth of an inch in length, and inorder to enable they same to more securely hold the escapement ratchet 78 in position, I prefer to provide an enlargement or flange 271 atA the base of the head portion 270, the same'engaging land retaining the escapement ratchet v7 8 iny its position onthe stud and'bracket. `By

this construction vwhenever the carriage reaches the limits of its movement toward the right as `o'nefaces the rear yof the machine as the 'parts are vshown inFig. 3 the carriage will come to a stop'when the marginaly spacev lug 190 engages theL headof screw 270, and likewise when the 'carriage is moved a corresponding distance in theL opposite direction, the marginal stop v202 will engage the same'part.

Although y the structure offl vthe y Y.type Ybar .y n

k,rendering both said case shift and escape# action employed in` this construction is that shown in my patentreferred to, itk isnot shown in detail nor referred to herein exparts. for normally elevating the key levers is cept to showthe relativelocation of these The support for the elastic means shown in Figs. 3 and 5 being indicated by` reference character 280. This part 280 is constructed in approximately the'form ofV a semi-circle and'is supported by vthe rear of the main frame. .'Ihe same is true of the curved member 281 to which the key levers are pivoted at theiry rearward extremities.

I claim: `p

l. In atypewriting machine, the combina tion witha main frame; of a platen; a platen carriage comprising a platen frame on which the platen is rotatably supported c and va sub-frame upon vwhich the platen frame is mounted to reciprocate lengthwise yof the platen; means providing a slidable supportfory the platen carriage on the main frame' to' adapt the carriage for case shift movements; means for' imparting case shifting movements to said carriage; means normally operative` to 'connect said carriage andy case#shift-movementimparting-means; and means for rendering said connecting means inoperative, whereby said case-shift-movement-imparting-means is completely disengaged from the platen carriage to permit re-4 moval of the latter.

" 7 l2. In a typewriting machine,y the combina* tion with a main" frame; of a platen; a platen carriage comprising a platen frame `on which the platen is rotatably supported yand a sub-frame upon which the plateny frame ismounted to reciprocate lengthwise of the platen; means providing a slidable support for the platen carriage on'the main frame to adapt the carriage for case shift movements; means, normally operatively connected with said carriage, for imparting case shift rmovements thereto; and means for disengaging saidk casefshift-movementwimparting means and the platen carriage, including` a shaft slidably mounted in the -main frame; y

3. In a typewritingmachine, the combination with a main frame; ofaplaten; `a platen carriage comprising a platen frame on which theplaten is rotatably supported and `asub-fr'ame upon which the platen frame isl adapted `to reciprocate; escapement mechanism mounted on said platen carriage; means providing a slidable support for the platen carriage on the main frame* to adapt the carriage for case shift movements; keyoperated means carried by the main frame and normally operatively associatedwith the ',escapement mechanism for actuating the lat-v ter; keyeoperated case shift means mounted onvthe main frame and normally operatively vassociated with said carriage toimpart case lasy shift movementsl thereto; and means forl` ,v

ment operating means,y inoperative with re- 4f..` In atypewriting machine; the combination with a main frame; of a platen; a platen carriage including 'a platen frame on which the platen is rotatably supported and a sub-frame; means providing a vertically sliding support for the platen carriage on the main frame to adapt the carriage for case shift movements; an adjustable case shift stop device for normally retaining t-heV platen carriage on the main frame and adapted also to determine the case shiftposition of the platen carriage; means. no A'mally operatively associated with said carriage and with said device, for imparting case shift movements to the carriage; and means for renderingsaid last named means inoperative with relation to the platen carriage and said device.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combina.- tion with a main frame; of a platen; a platen carriage including' a platen frame on which the platen is rotatably supported anda sub-frame; means providing a vertically slidin` support for the platen carriage on the main frame to adapt the carriag; or case shift movements an adjustable case shift stop device for normally retaining the platen carriage on the main frame and adapted also to determine the case shift position of the platen carriage; moans` normally operatively associated with said carriage and with said device; for imparting case shift movements to the carriage; escapement mechanism mounted on said platen carriage; keyoperated means normally operatively associated with said esca-pement mechanism to actuate the latter; and means for rendering said case shift means inoperative. with relation to the platen carriage and said device and said key-operated means inoperative with relation to the escapement mechanism.

6. In a typewritinp,l machine7 the combination with a main frame; of a platen; a platen carriage comprising a. platen frame on which the platen is rotatably supported and a sub-frame upon which the platen frame is adapted to reciprocate; back-spacingmechanism mounted on said platen carriage and including a reciprocating bar; means for actuating said bar including' a member mounted on the main frame of the machine, said member and bar being` readily disconnectible upon removal of'the platen carriage from the frame; means providing a vertical sliding:r support for the platen carriage Aon the main frame; adjustable means normally limiting; the upward vertical movement of the platen carriage with respect to the main frame; and manually operable means for renderingsaid last named means ineffective to thereby permit removal of the carriage from the main frame.

7. In a typewriting machina, the combination with a main frame having vertically extending platen guiding means thereon; of a. platen carriage vertically slidably mounted on said guiding means and removable therefrom; means for controlling the vertical position of said carriage with respect to the main frame, said means including a rock shaft, a member having stop lugs thereon rigid with said rock shaft; a cooperating stop lug on the carriage; and means for shiftingsaid shaft with the member thereon to a position where the lugs'of said member are out of the path of movement of the lugl on the carriage to thereby permit the latter to be removed from the main frame.

8. In a typewritingv machine, the combination with a main frame; of a platen carriage comprising a sub-frame vertically movably mounted on the main frame and a platen frame horizontally movable on the sub-frame, said carriage being vertically adjustable to different case positions; a. key lever pivotally mounted on the main frame for imparting case shift movement-s to said carriage, one end of said lever having; a detachable pivotal connection with said subframe; and means for temporarily disconneeting said lever from said sub-frame.

9. In a typewriting;` machine, the combination with a main frame havingvertically extending guiding means for a platen carria-ge; of a platen carriage vertically slidable on said means and removable therefronn said carriage including1 a sub-frame and a platen frame horizontally movable on the sub-frame; a case shift stop carried by said sub-frame; ley-operated means for imparting` case shift movement to said carriage; a shaft mounted in said main frame; a case shift stop member rigid with said sha-ft and having a plurality of differently located case shift stops thereon adapted to be positioned in operative relation with said case shift stop on the sub-frame, the stops on said members normally limiting the upward vcrtical movement of the carriage with respect to the main frame; and means for shifting' said shaft axially to displace the stops on said member out of the path of the stop on the sub-frame.

10. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a main frame; of a platen carriage shiftalole between three case positions on the main frame`l said carriage having a case shift stop shoulder thereon; a case shift stop member at one side of said main fra-me having intermediate and upper case shift stop shoulders thereon cooperable with said;

stop shoulder on the carriage, the intermediate case shift stop shoulder on said mem,- ber being normally positioned in the path of the stop shoulder on the carriage; and mea-ns for shifting said member to simultaneously move said intermediate case shift stop the mai'n frame, said carriage being pro' vided with a case shift stop shoulder at one end; a oase shift stop member n'iounted on the main frame and having a plurality of differently located case shift stop shoulders thereon adapted to cooperate with said stop shoulder on the carriage, one of said stop shoulders on said memberbeing normally in the path of movement of .the stop on the carriage; means for reversing the positions of said stop shoulders on said member with respect to the stop shoulder on the carriage; and means for displacing the stop shoulders on said member entirely out ofthe path of the stop shoulder on the carriage to thereby permit the carriagebeing removed from the main frame.

l2. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a main frame providedwitli vertically extending platen carriage guiding means; of a platen carriage including a subframe vertically movable on said means, andk a platen frame horizontally .adjustable on the sub-frame, said sub-frame being provided with a case shift stop shoulder, said carriage being shiftable between three case positions on the main frame; a case shift stop membermounted on the main frame and' having intermediate and uppercase shift stop shoulders, the intermediate stop shoulder lying normally in the path of the stop shoulder on the sub-frame; key-operated means on the main frame normally operatively connected with the sub-frame to elevate the latter to intermediate case position; and key-operated means forv simultaneously elevating the cariage to upper case position and adjusting said member to remove the. intermediate stop shoulder thereon out of the path of the stop shoulder on the carriage and to bring the upper stop shoulder of the member in the path ofthe stopv shoulder on the carriage. 13. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a main frame providedwith stop member -mounted on lthe main frame` and having intermediate and upper case shift stopshoulderathe intermediate stop shoulder lying normally inthe path of the stop shoulder on the 'sub-frame; key-operated means on the main frame normally operatively connected with the sub-frame to elevate the latter to intermediate case position; key-operated means for simultaneously elevating the carriage to upper case.

position and for adjusting said member to remove the 'intermediate stop shoulder there.- f

onout of the path ofthe stop shoulder on the carriage and-to ybring the upper stop shoulder on the member in the path of the stop shoulder on the carriage; and manually operable means for simultaneously moving said stop member entirely outl of the path of the stop shoulderon the carriage and 'disconnectingthe operative relation between said key-actuated means and the carriage.

14. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a main frame provided with vertically extending platen carriage guiding means; of a platen carriage including a subframe vertically movable on said means, and a platen frame horizontally adjustable on the sub-frame, rsaid sub-frame being provided with a case shiftstop shoulder, said :stop shoulder on the sub-frame; key-operated means on the main frame normally operatively lconnected with the sub-frame to elevate the latter to intermediate case posii tion; key-operated means for simultaneously elevating the carriage to upper case position and adjusting said member tol remove vthe intermediate stop shoulder thereon out of the path of the stop shoulder onv the carriage .and to bring the upper stop shoulder on the member in the path of the stop shoulder `of the carriage; escapement mechanism mounted on said carriage; key-operated means normally operatively associated with said escapement mechanism to `actuate the latter, said key-operated means being disconnectible from the escapement mechanism upon the removal of the carriage from the frame; and means for simultaneously positionin'g said stop member in an inoperative position withrespect to the stop shoulder on the carriage andfor 'disconnecting the keyoperated case shift means and the sub-frame.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specificationthis 20th day of February A; I). 1920. i

MAX GARBELL.

soV

carriage being shiftable between three case positions on thevmain frame; a case shift 

